Acute Spinal Cord Injury Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By Type (Complete Spinal Cord Injury, Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury), By Treatment Type (Corticosteroid, Surgery, Spinal Traction), By End-User (Hospitals and Clinics, Ambulatory Centers, Others) and By Region(North America, Europe, APAC, Middle East and Africa, LATAM) Forecasts, 2024-2032

Market Overview

The global acute spinal cord injury market size was estimated to be valued at USD 6.75 billion in 2023. It is estimated to reach USD 9.69 billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 4.10% during the forecast period (2024–2032). The global acute spinal cord injuries market is driven by the surging prevalence of spinal cord injury cases worldwide, owing to factors like factors road accidents, sports injuries, falls, etc. Due to advancements in healthcare infrastructure and declining birth rates, the proportion of the geriatric population is continuously rising worldwide, boosting market expansion. This is because the population demographic is more prone to falls and degenerative spinal conditions, which increases the prevalence of SCI amongst this demographic. Moreover, the rise in research and development to enhance the efficient treatment options for acute spinal cord injury is expected to create expansion opportunities for the global market.

Highlights

• Non-complete spinal cord injury dominates the type segment
• Corticosteroid dominates the treatment type segment
• North America is the largest shareholder in the market

Market Overview

Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) is a sudden and traumatic injury to the spinal cord that leads to a failure of motor function, sensation, or autonomic function below the level of injury. This injury can happen due to various causes, including car accidents, falls, sports injuries, or acts of violence. The severity of acute SCI can vary greatly depending on aspects such as the location and extent of the injury, as well as the promptness and effectiveness of medical treatment.

In some cases, acute SCI can lead to complete or partial paralysis, loss of sensation, impaired bladder and bowel function, respiratory problems, and other complications. Stabilizing the spine to stop additional damage and giving supportive care to minimize complications are usually the main goals of emergency medical treatment for acute spinal cord injuries. In certain situations, spinal stabilization and the removal of any bone or tissue fragments pressing on the spinal cord may require surgery.

Market Dynamics

Global Acute Spinal Cord Injury Market Drivers

Increasing Prevalence of Spinal Cord Injuries

The increasing incidence of spinal cord injuries (SCI) is a significant driver for the acute SCI market. According to WHO, around 250,000 to 500,000 individuals annually experience a spinal cord injury (SCI) globally. Individuals with spinal cord damage have a 2 to 5 times higher risk of premature death compared to those without SCI.

Factors such as road accidents, sports injuries, falls, and violence contribute to the rising number of SCIs globally. With the growth of urbanization and motorization, there has been an increase in vehicular accidents, resulting in a higher prevalence of SCI cases. As the incidence of SCI rises, there is a greater demand for acute SCI treatments, including emergency medical care, surgical interventions, rehabilitation services, and assistive devices, driving growth in the acute SCI market.

Aging Population

The aging population is a prominent driver of the acute spinal cord injury (SCI) market. According to the UN, the percentage of those aged 65 years and older is flourishing more rapidly than those under 65. The worldwide population aged 65 and beyond is projected to surge from 10% in 2022 to 16% in 2050. The number of adults 65 and older worldwide is expected to almost equal the number of children under 12 years old by 2050, and it will double the number of children under five.

As people age, they become more susceptible to degenerative spinal conditions and falls, leading to a higher incidence of SCI. Similarly, age-related changes in bone density and muscle strength can increase the severity of injuries sustained in accidents. The aging population's higher prevalence of comorbidities also complicates SCI management, driving demand for specialized care and rehabilitation services tailored to older individuals, thus fueling market growth.

Global Acute Spinal Cord Injury Market Restraint

Limited Treatment Options

Limited treatment options for acute spinal cord injuries restrain the market due to the absence of a universally effective therapy. While there have been advancements in surgical techniques, rehabilitation methods, and experimental treatments, none offer a guaranteed cure or significant functional recovery for all patients. The complexity of spinal cord injuries, which involve a range of mechanisms and severity levels, further complicates the development of targeted treatments.

Additionally, the window of opportunity for intervention is narrow, and many patients do not receive timely access to specialized care. Research into regenerative medicine, neuroprotection, and neural interfaces holds promise, but translating these discoveries into clinically viable treatments faces significant challenges. Without comprehensive and widely accessible treatment options, patients with acute spinal cord injuries may continue to face limited prospects for recovery and long-term disability.

Global Acute Spinal Cord Injury Market Opportunities

Increasing Research and Development

Ongoing research and development efforts aimed at developing innovative therapies can drive the growth of the acute SCI market by providing new treatment options. For instance, in August 2021, adults with acute spinal cord injury may experience reduced bone loss with the aid of an annual infusion of zoledronic acid, according to a study published in the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. Individuals with an incomplete spinal cord injury may need at least three to six months to regain the ability to walk. Consequently, the timely prevention of bone loss contributes significantly to the prevention of fractures.

Furthermore, a small clinical trial conducted in November 2023 included a pharmacokinetic sub-study. Under the direction of a renowned pharmacologist from the University of Houston, the trial revealed the encouraging efficacy of Riluzole in enhancing functionality among individuals with acute spinal cord injuries (SCI) when administered within 12 hours after the injury. For phase 2/3 of the multicenter clinical trial repurposing the drug for patients with SCI, one 50-milligram tablet, taken twice daily, was utilized. These factors present opportunities for market expansion.

Regional Analysis

Based on region, the global acute spinal cord injury market is bifurcated into North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East and Africa.

North America Dominates the Global Market

North America is the most significant global acute spinal cord injury market shareholder and is expected to expand substantially during the forecast period. North America is anticipated to dominate the market because of the significant prevalence of spinal cord injury in the region. According to NSCISC, the prevalence of traumatic spinal cord injuries (tSCIs) among the United States population is estimated to be around 302,000 individuals, with a range of 255,000 to 383,000 individuals. Based on the latest estimation, the yearly occurrence rate of traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) in the United States is around 54 cases per one million individuals or approximately 18,000 new tSCI cases annually. The market is also supported by the advanced healthcare infrastructure, key market players, extensive awareness regarding SCI treatment, and favorable government regulations.

Furthermore, numerous governmental and non-profit entities are striving to improve the condition of patients. For instance, since 2004, the NACTN has been a consortium of tertiary medical centers for adults throughout North America. NACTN's mission is to consistently improve the standard of care and quality of life for individuals with SCI. Early surgery for traumatic SCI has been widely recognized and supported by NACTN centers ever since its establishment. These centers have also played an active role in the scientific validation of this patient care pathway. As a result, these variables are projected to enhance the expansion of the regional market.

The Asia-Pacific region is projected to be the fastest-growing market, driven by the rising incidence of genetic conditions like diabetes and heart diseases. According to Frontline, in 2022, road accidents rose by 11.9% compared to 2021. The number of fatalities and injuries from road accidents rose by 9.4% and 15.3%, respectively. This is anticipated to increase the cases of acute spinal cord injury cases in the region, thereby driving the market growth. Moreover, according to the United Nations, Asia-Pacific is at the forefront of the worldwide phenomenon of population aging, as the proportion of elderly individuals in the region is increasing at an unprecedented rate. By 2050, one in every four individuals in the Asia-Pacific region will be sixty years or older. The region's senior population is expected to triple to nearly 1.3 billion people between 2010 and 2050. Consequently, all these factors are estimated to drive the regional market growth.

Segmental Analysis

The global acute spinal cord injury market is segmented by type, treatment type, and end-user.

Based on type, the global acute spinal cord injury market is segmented into complete and incomplete spinal cord injury. 

The complete spinal cord injury segment dominates the global market. The total loss of feeling and motor function below the site of the injury is indicative of a complete spinal cord injury. This means that individuals with such injuries typically experience paralysis and have no voluntary movement or feeling in the affected areas of their body. Complete spinal cord injuries often result from severe trauma, such as car accidents or falls, which cause significant damage to the spinal cord. The loss of function can be permanent and may require extensive rehabilitation and support to manage. Individuals with complete spinal cord injuries may face significant challenges in daily life, including mobility, self-care, and independence, requiring ongoing care and assistance.

Based on treatment type, the global acute spinal cord injury market is divided into corticosteroid, surgery, and spinal traction. 

The corticosteroid segment owns the highest market share. Corticosteroids, such as methylprednisolone, have been used in the past as a treatment for acute spinal cord injury (SCI). The rationale behind using corticosteroids in the treatment of acute SCI is based on their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. These drugs may help reduce inflammation and swelling in the spinal cord, potentially minimizing secondary damage following the initial injury.

Multiple clinical trials have been carried out to evaluate the efficacy of corticosteroids in the treatment of acute spinal cord injury, yielding different outcomes. Corticosteroid use can lead to various adverse effects such as immunosuppression, gastrointestinal problems, heightened susceptibility to infections, and delayed wound healing. Before using corticosteroids to treat acute SCI, one must assess the risks and benefits.

Based on end-users, the global acute spinal cord injury market is bifurcated into hospitals and clinics, ambulatory centers, and others.

Hospitals and clinics are the primary establishments for the treatment of acute spinal cord injury. Treatment of acute spinal cord injury in hospitals and clinics typically involves stabilization of the spine to prevent further damage, followed by medical management to minimize secondary injury and promote recovery. The advancements in medical technology, such as innovative surgical techniques and devices, contribute to improved treatment outcomes, driving demand for SCI-related services. Moreover, increasing awareness and education about SCI among healthcare providers and the general population leads to earlier diagnosis and intervention.

Impact of covid-19

The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic prompted the imposition of strict lockdown in most countries, causing delays in the import and export of gelatin-based plasma expanders. COVID-19 has the potential to impact the global economy in three ways, i.e., directly affecting production and demand, causing supply chain and market disruption, and facing a financial impact on businesses and financial markets.

Recent Developments

• December 2023- Lineage Cell Therapeutics, Inc., a clinical-stage biotechnology firm specializing in the development of allogeneic cell therapies to address unmet medical needs, disclosed to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) that it has submitted an Investigational New Drug amendment (INDa) for OPC1, its investigational allogeneic oligodendrocyte progenitor cell transplant, intended to treat spinal cord injury (SCI).
• September 2023- NervGen Pharma Corp., a clinical-stage biotechnology company committed to developing innovative solutions for the treatment of nervous system damage, announced that the first subject in its landmark Phase 1b/2a proof-of-concept placebo-controlled clinical trial for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) using its proprietary lead compound, NVG-291, has been dosed.