Market Dynamics
Global hybrid fabrics market drivers
Growing importance of lightweight fabrics
A rise in inclination toward lightweight fabrics for industrial structures is expected to drive market growth. Conventional metals and alloys used for industrial applications increase the overall weight, thus, reducing the operational efficiency of the structure. Additionally, hybrid fabrics' capacity to lower overall weight and boost the tensile strength and stiffness of various structures, such as turbine blades and vehicles, will positively affect the market expansion.
Rise in applications in automotive and aircraft
The automotive and aircraft market utilizes different types of hybrid fabrics to improve the fuel efficiency and speed of the structure. Adopting such hybrid fabrics improve compressive strength and aids in the reduction of vehicle weight to 40-60%. Hybrid fabrics used in aerospace & defense comprise carbon, glass, aramid, and epoxy fibers. Such hybrid fabrics are suitable for high-temperature applications and reduce the aircraft's overall weight, improving fuel efficiency.
Global hybrid fabrics market restraint
High cost of carbon/aramid and availability of low-cost alternatives
The high cost of carbon/aramid and the availability of a wide range of alternatives may hamper the market growth for this segment. Carbon/aramid hybrid used for military and aerospace applications is costly compared to most other hybrid fabrics and alternatives. For instance, carbon and Kevlar aramid cost around $47.5/kg and $100/kg, respectively, whereas glass fiber costs around $4/KG. Other low-cost alternatives, such as jute and basalt fiber, may replace such hybrid fabrics for bulk applications.
Global hybrid fabrics market opportunities
Applications of hybrid fabrics as a bioplastic
The trend toward renewable energy alternatives is anticipated to influence the hybrid fabrics market demand positively. This is attributed to the wide application of various hybrid fabrics in the rotor blades of wind turbines. Hybrid fabrics such as glass/carbon and glass/aramid are widely used as an alternative to pure carbon or glass fibers reducing overall weight by 50% in the turbine blades. The new development will provide lucrative opportunities in the market.
Regional Analysis
Based on region, the global hybrid fabrics market is analyzed across North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and LAMEA.
Europe was the highest revenue contributor and is estimated to exhibit a CAGR of 7.5%. The European market comprises the UK, Germany, France, Spain, Italy, and the rest of Europe. Market demand in Europe is primarily driven by the presence of global players, such as DSM, Solvay SA, SGL Group, Gurit Holding AG, and Kordcarbon AS. The significant presence of hybrid fabric manufacturers offering a wide range of products is the primary factor influencing European market demand. In addition, a rise in concern from the European Commission on greenhouse gas emissions will further encourage the market growth for lightweight hybrid fabrics for automotive. For instance, European Commission set a target to reduce the emission rate by up to 15% by 2025. Applying glass/carbon hybrid fabrics instead of steel can help reduce vehicle weight. Light-weight structural components are preferred to improve vehicle efficiency lowering the emission rate.
North America is the second largest region. It is anticipated to reach a predicted value of USD 190 million by 2031, growing at a CAGR of 9.4%. The North American hybrid fabrics market comprises the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. The market is driven by significant demand from the automotive and aerospace sectors. The U.S. is a significant automotive producer and is expected to witness robust growth in the upcoming period. In addition, robust investment from the government into defense activities is expected to steer the market growth for the aerospace sector. Carbon and aramid hybrid fabric are preferred in aerospace for high-temperature applications to improve the compressive strength and the strain to failure at high temperatures. North America accounted for a significant market share in the hybrid fabrics market, owing to an increase in demand for high-strength and lightweight fabrics in the automotive and aerospace sectors. In addition, the berry amendment act in the U.S. promotes the utilization of domestically produced, manufactured products, including various hybrid fabrics, thus, strengthening the local market growth. Furthermore, the growing application of glass/carbon hybrid fabrics in wind turbines to improve operational efficiency is expected to steer the market growth during the forecast timeframe.
Asia-Pacific is the third largest region. Asia-Pacific consists of China, India, Japan, South Korea, Australia, and the rest of Asia-pacific. China primarily dominates the market for hybrid fabrics due to massive demand for the automotive and aerospace sector. The growth of the hybrid fabrics market can be accredited to the shifting trend toward lightweight automobiles with high compressive and tensile strength. The Asia-Pacific hybrid fabrics market is expected to witness robust growth because of increasing disposable income and growing demand for battery electric vehicles. A large part of Asia-Pacific consumers is shifting toward electric vehicles in China, Japan, South Korea, and India due to various greenhouse gas emission norms. Due to the massive weight of electric batteries and motors, unlike conventional automotive powertrains, industry players are investing in lightweight fabrics, which can improve fuel efficiency, thus, enhancing the market growth.
Segmental Analysis
The global hybrid fabrics market is segmented by fiber type, application, and region.
By fiber type analysis
By fiber type, the global market is divided into glass/carbon, glass/aramid, carbon/Uhmwpe, carbon/aramid, and others.
Glass/carbon dominated the market and is estimated to exhibit a CAGR of 7% during the forecast period. Carbon glass hybrid fabrics consist of carbon fiber, which provides excellent tensile strength and stiffness, and reduces the density of hybrid fabrics. The cost of these hybrid fabrics goes down because they have glass fiber. The tensile and compressive strain of such fabrics is higher than that of carbon/epoxy hybrid. Carbon glass hybrid fabrics exhibit enhanced properties, including better tensile strength and compressive strength than other carbon fibers. The glass fiber in the hybrid fabrics is less likely to fail than the carbon fibers, and a higher volume of glass fibers increases the strain at which the low-elongation carbon fibers fail, thus, making it suitable for automotive and aerospace applications.
For instance, carbon glass fiber showed improvements in failure strain, ranging between 10% and 31% for woven fibers. However, a massive increase in glass fiber contents in carbon glass hybrid fabrics can decrease the compressive strength of the fabrics. In addition, the lightweight of such hybrid fabrics is suitable for high-volume applications, including semi-structural automotive components and wind blades.
The glass/aramid segment is the second largest. Glass aramid consists of glass fibers and aramid fibers. Such fabrics exhibit low density, high impact resistance, and tensile strength due to the presence of aramid fibers. In addition, glass fiber reduces the overall cost and improves compressive strength. Using glass fiber/aramid hybrid fabrics, fuel efficiency and demand for increased speeds can be achieved for recreational power and sailboats. Furthermore, hybrid fabrics have better compression than aramid fibers alone. The rise in preference for lightweight fabrics in transportation and marine is expected to drive the growth of glass aramid hybrid fabrics. The hybrid fabrics provide lighter, stronger, stiffer, and more durable parts, which are suitable for power boats and high-speed ferries. In addition, lightweight fabrics improve fuel efficiency and speed, thus, enhancing market growth. Furthermore, unlike aramid fibers, such hybrid fabrics do not pick up moisture easily and provide enhanced compression properties.
The carbon/Uhmwpe segment is the third largest. Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber/carbon fiber hybrid fabrics consists of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber and carbon fiber. The bending, compressive, and interlaminar shear strength of hybrid fabrics are improved with such fabrics, which solely depend on carbon fiber content. For instance, Dyneema fiber, a type of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber, combined with carbon fiber can handle impact forces 50% to 100% better than carbon alone. The growing application of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/carbon hybrid fabrics, owing to their enhanced properties, including high flexibility and vibration resistance, is expected to steer the market growth. Hybrid fabrics formed with Dyneema fiber and carbon fiber are more ductile and shatterproof, whereas pure carbon shatters under excessive impact. In addition, the tensile modulus and tensile strength can be improved with the application of carbon nanofibers, whereas higher content of carbon nanofibers can lead to deterioration in such properties. The improved performance of such hybrid fabrics in ballistic armor makes them widely applicable for military applications. The optimal amount of carbon fibers can boost the performance of hybrid fabrics. However, due to the high melt viscosity of the UHMWPE, the incorporation of carbon fibers in ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is a big challenge.
By application analysis
Based on application, the global market is categorized into automotive, wind energy, aerospace & defense, sports and recreational equipment, and others.
The aerospace & defense segment was the highest contributor to the market and is anticipated to exhibit a CAGR of 8.5% during the forecast period. Hybrid fabrics used in aerospace & defense comprise carbon, glass, aramid, and epoxy fibers. Carbon/glass hybrid generally offers a low-cost material with specific properties. But it is suitable for low-temperature applications. For high-temperature applications, carbon and aramid fabric are preferred to improve the compressive strength and the strain to failure at high temperatures. However, the high cost of Kevlar fiber is a big issue for manufacturers, which escalates the demand for low-cost alternatives such as glass/Kevlar hybrid fabrics. Due to the increase in demand for lightweight and high-strength fabrics for cabin components, rotor blades, avionics, tooling, brakes, and brake lining, hybrid fabrics are predicted to experience significant demand in the aerospace sector.
Additionally, a rise in government spending in the aerospace and defense industries will direct market expansion. The modernization of military and commercial aircraft is a significant area of government spending in the U.S., China, and India, fueling the hybrid fabrics market. Incorporating low-cost fiber in hybrid fabrics can reduce the overall cost and improve other properties, including impact resistance and fatigue resistance. Furthermore, the development of new hybrid fabrics combining natural fibers such as jute, coconut, and bamboo could replace costly synthetic fibers, creating new market opportunities.
The automotive segment is the second largest. The automotive segment utilizes different types of hybrid fabrics to improve the fuel efficiency and speed of the vehicles. Adopting such hybrid fabrics improve compressive strength and aids in the reduction of vehicle weight to 40-60%. Industry players are coming with new composite fabrics such as FILAVATM fibers combined with 3K high tenacity (HT) carbon fibers (3K HT CARBON), which can be used in the automotive industry to solve weight reduction challenges and cost issues. This new hybrid fabric is highly sustainable and cost-effective compared to conventional carbon fibers. Growth in the prominence of lightweight vehicles for the commercial and military sectors is expected to steer the market growth for automotive. Lightweight is getting prominence due to its less energy consumption from vehicles. In addition, a new imperative to tackle global warming issues have increased the demand for such hybrid fabrics to reduce vehicle emissions. For instance, the carbon and glass fiber hybrid fabrics are 40-60% lighter than steel parts of equal strength. Carbon and glass fiber hybrid is increasingly used to replace steel in the automotive industry. Furthermore, the carbon and glass fiber hybrid cost is relatively low compared to carbon fiber alone, thus enhancing its importance in the high-volume production for the automotive sector.
