Hypochlorous Acid Market

Market Overview

The global hypochlorous acid market was valued at USD 9.38 billion in 2023. It is estimated to reach USD 13.42 billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 4.05% during the forecast period (2024–2032). In recent years, with the rise in hospitalization rates, there has also been a subsequent increase in the cases of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). This has led to a rise in the demand for efficient disinfectants, thereby driving the global hypochlorous acid market. Hypochlorous acid also offers several advantages over conventional disinfectants, which is anticipated to expand the market. Moreover, the rise in the research and development initiatives to discover novel applications of HOCl is anticipated to generate opportunities for the market.

Highlights

• Sodium hypochlorite dominates the type segment
• Oxidizing agent dominates the application segment
• North America is the highest shareholder in the global market

Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is a weak acid produced by the dissolution of chlorine in water. It is often used as a disinfectant due to its antimicrobial properties. Hypochlorous acid is highly effective against many microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. It disrupts the cell walls of pathogens and interferes with their metabolic processes, ultimately destroying them.

Hypochlorous acid is produced naturally by the human body as part of the immune response to infection. It is also generated in small quantities during the electrolysis of saltwater, a process used in some water purification systems and the production of certain cleaning and disinfecting products. Hypochlorous acid is preferred for disinfection in various settings, including healthcare facilities, food processing plants, and household cleaning.

Market Dynamics

Market Drivers

Rising Prevalence of Hospital-Acquired Infections 

Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are a significant worldwide issue for patients and healthcare providers. The rising global hospitalization rates and HAIs have led to a greater demand for sterilizing medical equipment and surrounding surfaces to reduce the chances of microbial contamination. Hospital-acquired infections predominantly affect patients undergoing prolonged surgical interventions. HAIs are more common in the elderly, young children, and people with weakened immune systems.

According to the WHO, 7 out of 100 patients in high-income nations and 15 out of 100 in low- and middle-income countries will develop at least one healthcare-associated infection during hospitalization. The mortality rate associated with HAIs is one in ten affected patients on average. Therefore, the rise in these infections will likely increase the demand for advanced disinfection services in healthcare facilities to control the spread of infection, thereby driving the global hypochlorous acid market growth.

Advantages Over Traditional Disinfectants

Hypochlorous acid offers several advantages over traditional disinfectants, driving its demand in the market. This acid is highly effective against a broad spectrum of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, making it a versatile disinfectant for various applications. Unlike traditional disinfectants such as bleach, hypochlorous acid is less harmful to humans and the environment, as it breaks down into harmless components after use. This makes it safer for use in sensitive environments like food processing plants, healthcare facilities, and residential settings.

Moreover, hypochlorous acid does not leave behind harmful residues or fumes, making it more pleasant to work with and reducing the risk of chemical exposure. Thus, these advantages position hypochlorous acid as a preferred choice for disinfection and sanitation in industries where safety, efficacy, and environmental impact are paramount.

Market Restraint

Availability of Alternatives 

The availability of substitute disinfectants severely constrains the market for hypochlorous acid. Competing products such as chlorine-based compounds, quaternary ammonium compounds, and hydrogen peroxide offer similar efficacy in disinfection, catering to diverse application needs. Factors such as safety, environmental impact, cost-effectiveness, and regulatory approval influence the preference for these alternatives over hypochlorous acid. Moreover, the established presence and widespread acceptance of alternative disinfectants in various industries and regions make it challenging for hypochlorous acid to gain market share.

Market Opportunities

Rise in Research and Development

In recent years, there has been a rise in the research and development of novel applications for hypochlorous acid. For instance, in December 2021, a new study investigated aerosolized hypochlorous acid and hydrogen peroxide solutions to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus adhering to an environmental surface. The solution was formulated as a Dry Fog that does not wet objects after contact.

Furthermore, in January 2024, the Stough Clinic for Hair Restoration undertook a multi-site study to evaluate the effectiveness of stabilized, super-oxidized hypochlorous acid in 35 hair transplant recipients who had undergone repeat or initial hair restoration surgery. Results indicated that 56% of patients who utilized HOCl had greater erythema reductions than their previous wound healing regimen. 54% of patients experienced a notable reduction in pruritus, and 95% reported decreased itchiness by day 10. Therefore, HOCl may aid in the healing process during and after hair restoration surgery. Such factors are anticipated to create opportunities for market expansion.

Regional Analysis

North America Dominates the Global Market

Based on region, the global hypochlorous acid market is bifurcated into North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East and Africa.

North America is the most significant global hypochlorous acid market shareholder and is expected to expand substantially during the forecast period. North America dominates the market due to its strict regulatory standards, consumer preference for hygiene and cleanliness, and growing use of modern disinfection technologies. Regulations concerning the usage of sanitizers in different industries are also anticipated to have a favorable impact on market expansion in the area. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has enforced a regulation that controls the use of potent sanitizers in the food sector to eliminate germs and other microbes, particularly on surfaces that come into contact with food. Strict regulatory laws like the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act require hospitals and clinics to adopt advanced disinfection methods to ensure safe and high-quality healthcare services. These factors are predicted to drive market expansion throughout the forecast period.

Furthermore, the growing prevalence of Hospital-acquired Infections (HAIs) and the increasing number of surgeries are expected to boost the demand for hypochlorous acid due to its strong disinfection properties. The Massachusetts Health & Hospital Association, Inc. reported that in U.S. hospitals, the CDC estimated around 1.7 million healthcare-associated illnesses and 99,000 associated fatalities occur annually. Thus, the rise in in-patient hospital admissions caused by HAIs helps boost regional market expansion. Moreover, there has also been a surge in research projects on HOCl to explore its potential. For instance, in November 2021, PCTL announced the initial experimental proof that their novel solid HOCl form has antibacterial properties. An independent laboratory in Denver, Colorado, evaluated the Company's solid hypochlorous acid form and found a 95% decrease in E. coli colony count on a stainless-steel surface. Such factors foster regional market expansion.

Asia-Pacific is expected to witness sustainable market growth during the forecast period, owing to the increasing industrial applications in China, India, and Indonesia. Growing demand from water treatment industries is a key factor fueling the growth of the hypochlorous acid market in Asia Pacific. Moreover, launching novel disinfectants and sanitizers made for HOCl is anticipated to fuel the regional market growth. For instance, in November 2020, Aquox, a domestic Indian business, launched two versions of a Multipurpose Disinfectant + Cleaner + Sanitizer Generator based on Hypochlorous Acid (HOCl) - AQ-DG 200 and AQ-DG 300. The Company asserts that the generators can eradicate harmful substances and combat bacteria and viruses within 30 seconds. The business asserts that Aquox AQ-DG 300 and AQ-DG 200 are completely non-toxic, non-corrosive, environmentally friendly, safe for all surfaces, and safe for humans, children, pets, and food.

Segmental Analysis

The global hypochlorous acid market is segmented by type, application, and end-user.

Based on type, the global hypochlorous acid market is bifurcated into sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, and others. 

The sodium hypochlorite segment is estimated to be the largest contributor to the market. Sodium hypochlorite, chemically represented as NaClO, is a versatile compound recognized for its disinfectant and bleaching properties. It is commonly known as bleach and is utilized extensively for sanitation and cleaning. Typically found as a clear, slightly yellowish solution, it is often diluted with water before application. Sodium hypochlorite effectively eradicates bacteria, viruses, and fungi, making it a preferred choice in household cleaning products, water treatment plants, and swimming pools. Its ability to break down organic matter and oxidize stains contributes to its widespread use in removing tough stains and maintaining hygiene. Despite its efficacy, caution is warranted during handling, as it can be corrosive and release toxic gases when mixed with certain substances.

Based on application, the global hypochlorous acid market is divided into sanitizing agents, disinfecting agents, oxidizing agents, and others. 

The oxidizing agent segment dominated the global market. Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is frequently used in diverse applications because of its potent oxidizing characteristics and capacity to eliminate bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens. The market is primarily influenced by the oxidizing agent segment, which has seen a surge in demand for household bleach in recent years due to increasing concerns about infectious diseases.

In 2018, a report from the ECDC stated that Spain and France recorded three and six cases of dengue fever, respectively. This required a risk assessment for the transmission of dengue disease throughout Europe. These illnesses are mostly caused by pathogens, viruses, and bacteria that thrive in unclean homes, restrooms, and kitchens. Antiseptic and disinfectant treatments are essential for maintaining cleanliness in a household. The segment is expected to expand in the forecast period because of increasing awareness regarding home cleaning.

Based on end-users, the global hypochlorous acid market is divided into personal care, wound management, food and agriculture, oil and gas, water treatment, and others.

Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is gaining recognition for wound management due to its antimicrobial properties and ability to promote healing. It effectively kills a range of pathogens, reduces infection risk, and aids in debridement by removing dead tissue. HOCl also reduces inflammation, alleviates discomfort, and facilitates healing. Its promotion of growth factors and cytokines further accelerates wound closure. Notably, HOCl is safe and non-toxic to human tissues, making it suitable for various wound types. Its multifaceted benefits make it a promising option for wound care, but consulting healthcare professionals for proper usage is essential.

Recent Developments

• June 2023- Sonoma Pharmaceuticals, Inc. introduced a new application for intraoperative pulse lavage irrigation treatment using their patented Microcyn® technology-based stabilized hypochlorous acid (HOCl) products. This treatment can be used in surgical procedures as an alternative to traditional IV bags.
• January 2024- Sonoma Pharmaceuticals, Inc. introduced LumacynTM Clarifying Mist for direct over-the-counter use in the United States. The Lumacyn Clarifying Mist is a spray that soothes inflamed skin by utilizing Sonoma's unique stabilized hypochlorous acid, which has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties.